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Complete guide on back pain

Complete guide on back pain 

 


Back pain is a prevalent problem most people face at various times in their life. It can be uncomfortable and inconvenient when mild or can become a forerunner to severe pain in the body.

The main symptom of back pain is the occurrence of an ache or pain in any area of the back, which sometimes can be extended to the lower limbs.

Most back pain cases are very mild and can be prevented or relieved quickly. Severe or debilitating back pain requires surgery or proper medications.

 

Causes

Various factors and reasons can cause back pain.

   Strain

The lifting of heavy materials or sudden movements leads to stress in the back muscles and spinal ligaments. Over-activity, where the back muscles are strained continuously, can lead to stiffness and tenderness and, subsequently, back pain.

   Ruptured disks

Disks are present between your spinal bones, where they act as cushions to give protection. The soft material can become ruptured or inflamed under extreme stress, which would result in the triggering and compression of nerve cells present.

   Arthritis

Arthritis is a pretty common cause of back pain due to the damage the disease brings about to joints' cartilage in the lower back. As time progresses, arthritis can cause more debilitating effects on the spinal column.

 

Other causes include:

   Cauda equine syndrome where there is a loss of nerve function at the lower spinal cord

   Degenerative spondylolisthesis where a vertebral body is displaced

   Bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus, E. coli, or tuberculosis

   Kidney problems, usually due to kidney stones

   Premenstrual Syndrome

Risk factors

Back pain can come about at any age, but some individuals may be more predisposed to experiencing this situation.

   Older people, starting around age 30 or 40, are more susceptible

   Lack of physical activity

   Obesity or being overweight may lead to extra stress on the back

   Having the wrong postures in exercises

   Smokers have increased chances of back pain due to the stress inflicted on the back from coughing

Prevention

Develop a sturdy, healthy back by leading a healthy lifestyle.

Exercise and build muscle strength and flexibility by integrating low low-impact aerobics activities in your routine.

Maintain a healthy, fit body with clean eating and incorporate super foods such as blueberries, salmon, and kale into your diet.

A healthy diet would consist of a perfect balance of protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Elimination of certain macro nutrients is unnecessary; choosing the best options each category has to offer is encouraged.

Discipline your body into standing and sitting in the proper posture. Maintain a neutral pelvic position and avoid slouching. Change your position while frequently sitting to prevent muscle stiffness.

Medication

 

Non steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are used to relieve the majority of back pains. Commonly used NSAIDs are:

   Ibuprofen

   Naproxen

Other prominent relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) are also an option. Although they do not possess anti-inflammatory properties like NSAIDs

If the back is ongoing and severe, then surgery may be needed. Surgery is typically reserved for structural abnormalities that do not respond to conventional treatments.

Alternative therapies are also quite popular for relieving back pain. They include:

   Acupuncture

   Massage

   Chiropractic adjustments

 

Home remedies

Heat/ice therapy

They may be used to relieve pain and help decrease inflammation in acute phases of back pain.

 

Essential oils

Research has been carried out on using lavender essential oil or ointments with capsaicin for back pain. The study has shown promising results.

 

Salt baths

A hot bath can be very beneficial for aching muscles. The incorporation of Epsom salt can lead to the absorption of minerals in your body, which may ease your pain.

 

Exercises for Back Pain

Bridges

How to do a bridge:

       Lie on even ground and bend your knees, placing your feet flat on the floor hip-width apart

       Press your feet into the floor while keeping your arms by the sides

       Raise your buttocks off from the ground until it is perpendicular to your knees

       Squeeze your butt muscles

       Lower your buttocks to the ground

       Rest for a few seconds

       Repeat this exercise 15 times and then rest for 1 minute

       Perform three sets of 15 repetitions

Knee-to-chest stretches

 

How to do a knee-to-chest stretch:

   Lie with your back on an even floor or a yoga mat

   Bend your knees, keeping both of your feet flat on the even floor

   Use both hands to pull one of your knees up and in towards your chest

   Keep the knee against your chest for five to ten seconds while making sure your abdominals are tight, and you are pressing your spine into the floor

   Release your knee and bring it down again

   Repeat this motion with the opposite leg

   Do this exercise with each leg 2–3 times twice a day

Lower back rotational stretches

How to do a lower back rotational stretch:

       Lie with your back on an even floor with your knees bent while keeping your heels flat on the ground

       While keeping your shoulders firmly on the floor, gently roll both bent knees across to aside

       Hold this position for about 5–10 seconds

       Return back to the starting position

       Gently roll the bent knees across to the opposite side. Hold this position for another 5-10 seconds and then return to the initial position

       Repeat this exercise 2–3 times at least twice a day

Pelvic tilts

How to do a pelvic tilt:

       Lie back on the floor with your knees bent and feet lying flat, keeping your arms by the sides

       Gently arch your lower back to the side and very slowly stick your stomach out

       Hold for position 5 seconds and then relax

       Flatten your back and pull your stomach in towards the floor

       Hold for the position for 5 seconds and then relax

       Do this exercise daily with increasing repetitions

Lying lateral leg lifts

How to do a lying lateral leg lift:

       Lie on your side while keeping your legs together

       Keep your lower leg slightly bent and straighten your upper leg

       Draw your stomach in and into the spine to engage your core muscles

       Raise your top leg from the ground at about an angle of 45 to 90 degrees

       Keep your upper leg straight and avoid bending your knees

       Hold the position for about 2 seconds

       Repeat ten times

       Turn onto your other side of the body and repeat this exercise with the other leg

       Perform three sets on each side

Final Note

Back pain can be uncomfortable and quite unbearable at times. But with the proper medication, exercise and treatment it can be managed easily and help you achieve a stronger and more agile back.

 

One of our blog Writer ( physical therapist Mr.Dissanayaka)

All right received @ 2021

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